# Motion x, y and rotate default: stiffness 500, damping 25 spring

> Motion x, y and rotate default as a CSS linear() spring: stiffness 500, damping 25, settles in 0.565 s. Copy the CSS and the Web Animations line.

Canonical: https://vawe.dev/springs/motion-transform
Last updated: 2026-11-04

Stiffness 500, damping 25 and mass 1 give a damping ratio of 0.559, so the spring is underdamped. It settles to within 0.1% in 0.565 s. It passes the end value by up to 12% at 0.169 s and crosses it 3 times.

Motion uses it for a transform value (x, y, rotate) with two keyframes, when you set no transition. A scale value gets the next preset.

| Measure | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Stiffness | 500 |
| Damping | 25 |
| Mass | 1 |
| Damping ratio | 0.559 (underdamped) |
| Settle time | 0.565 s |
| Overshoot | 12% |
| Crosses the end value | 3 |
| 50% of travel at | 0.06 s |
| 90% of travel at | 0.101 s |

## CSS linear()

```css
transition: translate 565ms linear(0, 0.0053, 0.0205, 0.0441, 0.0752, 0.1124, 0.1548, 0.2013, 0.251, 0.303, 0.3565, 0.4108, 0.4652, 0.5192, 0.5722, 0.6237, 0.6735, 0.7212, 0.7665, 0.8091, 0.8491, 0.8862, 0.9203, 0.9515, 0.9798, 1.0051, 1.0275, 1.0472, 1.0642, 1.0786, 1.0906, 1.1004, 1.108, 1.1136, 1.1174, 1.1196, 1.1203, 1.1196, 1.1178, 1.1149, 1.1112, 1.1067, 1.1016, 1.096, 1.09, 1.0837, 1.0773, 1.0708, 1.0642, 1.0578, 1.0514, 1.0452, 1.0392, 1.0335, 1.028, 1.0229, 1.0181, 1.0136, 1.0095, 1.0058, 1.0024, 0.9994, 0.9967, 0.9943, 0.9923, 0.9905, 0.9891, 0.9879, 0.987, 0.9863, 0.9859, 0.9856, 0.9855, 0.9856, 0.9858, 0.9862, 0.9866, 0.9872, 0.9878, 0.9885, 0.9892, 0.9899, 0.9907, 0.9915, 0.9923, 0.9931, 0.9938, 0.9946, 0.9953, 0.996, 0.9966, 0.9973, 0.9978, 0.9984, 0.9989, 0.9993, 0.9997, 1.0001, 1.0004, 1.0007, 1.0009, 1.0011, 1.0013, 1.0015, 1.0016, 1.0016, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0016, 1.0015, 1.0015, 1.0014, 1.0013, 1.0012, 1.0011, 1.001, 1);
```

## Web Animations

```js
el.animate({ translate: ['0 0', '240px 0'] }, { duration: 565, easing: 'linear(0, 0.0053, 0.0205, 0.0441, 0.0752, 0.1124, 0.1548, 0.2013, 0.251, 0.303, 0.3565, 0.4108, 0.4652, 0.5192, 0.5722, 0.6237, 0.6735, 0.7212, 0.7665, 0.8091, 0.8491, 0.8862, 0.9203, 0.9515, 0.9798, 1.0051, 1.0275, 1.0472, 1.0642, 1.0786, 1.0906, 1.1004, 1.108, 1.1136, 1.1174, 1.1196, 1.1203, 1.1196, 1.1178, 1.1149, 1.1112, 1.1067, 1.1016, 1.096, 1.09, 1.0837, 1.0773, 1.0708, 1.0642, 1.0578, 1.0514, 1.0452, 1.0392, 1.0335, 1.028, 1.0229, 1.0181, 1.0136, 1.0095, 1.0058, 1.0024, 0.9994, 0.9967, 0.9943, 0.9923, 0.9905, 0.9891, 0.9879, 0.987, 0.9863, 0.9859, 0.9856, 0.9855, 0.9856, 0.9858, 0.9862, 0.9866, 0.9872, 0.9878, 0.9885, 0.9892, 0.9899, 0.9907, 0.9915, 0.9923, 0.9931, 0.9938, 0.9946, 0.9953, 0.996, 0.9966, 0.9973, 0.9978, 0.9984, 0.9989, 0.9993, 0.9997, 1.0001, 1.0004, 1.0007, 1.0009, 1.0011, 1.0013, 1.0015, 1.0016, 1.0016, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0017, 1.0016, 1.0015, 1.0015, 1.0014, 1.0013, 1.0012, 1.0011, 1.001, 1)', fill: 'both' });
```

## In a vawe page

```js
import { spring, springDuration, springLinear } from '../../core/motion/springs.js';

const k = 500, d = 25;

// per-frame code (window.seek, vawe.onFrame): t is seconds since the move starts
const x = 240 * spring(t, k, d);

// CSS and Web Animations: 565 ms, the linear() string above
el.animate(
  { translate: ['0 0', '240px 0'] },
  { duration: springDuration(k, d) * 1000, easing: springLinear(k, d), fill: 'both' },
);
```

## Source of the numbers

underDampedSpring = { type: "spring", stiffness: 500, damping: 25, restSpeed: 10 }. motion-dom 14.9.0 (motion and framer-motion 14.9.0), underDampedSpring in animation/utils/default-transitions.ts (https://github.com/motiondivision/motion/blob/main/packages/motion-dom/src/animation/utils/default-transitions.ts). Conversion: Stiffness and damping are used as they are, with mass 1.

## Related

- [Motion scale default](https://vawe.dev/springs/motion-scale)
- [Material 3 Expressive fast spatial](https://vawe.dev/springs/material-expressive-fast-spatial)
- [Material 3 Standard default spatial](https://vawe.dev/springs/material-standard-default-spatial)
- [Compose spring() default](https://vawe.dev/springs/compose-no-bouncy-medium)
- [All spring presets](https://vawe.dev/springs)